Banks looking to make more profits only VS Banks looking to spend money into circulation to enhance common good. Egocentric banks VS Allocentric banks.
An IOU, a phonetic acronym of the words "I owe you," is a document that acknowledges the existence of a debt. An IOU is often viewed as an informal written agreement rather than a legally binding commitment.
In finance, a bond is a type of security under which the issuer owes the holder a debt, and is obliged – depending on the terms – to repay the principal of the bond at the maturity date as well as interest over a specified amount of time. Interest is usually payable at fixed intervals.
A stock (also known as equity) is a security that represents the ownership of a fraction of a corporation. This entitles the owner of the stock to a proportion of the corporation's assets and profits equal to how much stock they own. Units of stock are called "shares.
To summarize, money has value because people believe that they will be able to exchange this money for goods and services in the future. This belief will persist so long as people do not fear future inflation or the failure of the issuing agency and its government. Money is how we transfer value.
The word arbitrage: In economics and finance, arbitrage is the practice of taking advantage of a difference in prices in two or more markets; striking a combination of matching deals to capitalize on the difference, the profit being the difference between the market prices at which the unit is traded. The Middle Man.
Federal Reserve & World Economic Forum.
